Odontoma composto em maxila: relato de caso / Compound odontoma in maxilla: a case report / Odontoma compuesto en maxilar: reporte de caso

Introdução: Os odontomas compostos são tumores odontogênicos benignos mistos, mais comumente encontrados na região anterior da maxila, com predileção pela segunda década de vida, podendo levar à má oclusão, interferência na erupção dos dentes, deslocamento e malformação dos dentes adjacentes. Em alguns casos, leva à erupção ectópica, diastemas persistentes, divergências do longo eixo do dente e assimetria facial. Devido a isso, o tratamento mais comum é a remoção cirúrgica conservadora. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 13 anos, com presença de odontoma composto em região anterior de maxila. O mesmo foi submetido à enucleação cirúrgica para remoção e diagnóstico adequado da lesão, a partir da análise anatomopatológica do espécime. Conclusão: Por ser uma patologia comum nos maxilares, é adequado que o profissional conheça suas principais características para o correto diagnóstico, bem como o tratamento mais adequado para cada paciente... (AU)

Introduction: Compound odontomas are mixed benign odontogenic tumors, most commonly found in the anterior maxillary region, with a predilection for the second decade of life, may lead to malocclusion, interference in the eruption of teeth, displacement and malformation of adjacent teeth. In some cases, it leads to ectopic eruption, persistent diastemas, divergences of the long axis of the tooth and facial asymmetry. Because of this, the most common treatment is conservative surgical removal. Case report: A 13 year-old male, with presence of compound odontoma in anterior region of maxilla. The patient was underwent surgical enucleation for treatment and propper diagnosis of lesion. Conclusion: As it is a common pathology in the jaws, it is appropriate for the professional to know its main characteristics for the correct diagnosis, as well as the most appropriate treatment for each patient... (AU)

Introduccíon: Los odontomas compuestos son tumores odontogénicos mixtos benignos, que se encuentran con mayor frecuencia en la región anterior del maxilar, con predilección por la segunda década de la vida, lo que puede ocasionar maloclusión, interferencia con la erupción dentaria, desplazamiento y malformación de los dientes adyacentes. En algunos casos, conduce a erupción ectópica, diastema persistente, divergencia del eje longitudinal del diente y asimetría facial. Debido a esto, el tratamiento más común es la extirpación quirúrgica conservadora. Reporte de caso: Paciente masculino, de 13 años, con presencia de odontoma compuesto en la región anterior del maxilar. El mismo fue sometido a enucleación quirúrgica para extirpación y adecuado diagnóstico de la lesión, a partir del análisis anatomopatológico del espécimen. Conclusíon: Por tratarse de una patología común en los maxilares, es conveniente que el profesional conozca sus principales características para el correcto diagnóstico, así como el tratamiento más adecuado para cada paciente... (AU)

Dilated odontoma in the mandibular third molar region: a case report / Odontoma dilatado na região de terceiro molar mandibular: um relato de caso

ABSTRACT Dilated odontoma is a rare dental developmental anomaly that belongs to a class od dens in dente, being rarely described in the posterior region of the mandible. To be describe a dilated odontoma in the lower third molar region. this study had a qualitative, transversal, descriptive and documentar approach, of the case report type. Developed in the Integrated Health Clinics of a University in the Extreme South of Santa Catarina, in the Dentistry Service. This article presets a case of dilated odontoma in a 32-year-old male patient. The patient had pain and swelling in the left posterior region of the mandible. The Crown of this element was clinically within the normal range, however the radiographic examination showed barrel-shaped root alteration in element 38 and expansion of the buccal and lingual cortical bone. An incisional biopsy of the anomaly whas performed and sent to anatomopathological examination. According to the clinical, radiographic and anatomopathological characteristics, the diagnosis of dilated odontoma was reached. Due to the aberrant root anatomy, complete removal was chosen. The diagnosis of this abnormality depeds on the clinical, radiographic and anatomoathological characteristics and its therapy varies according to the invagination. In cases of deep invagination, extraction is indicated.

RESUMO O Odontoma Dilatado é uma rara anomalia de desenvolvimento dentário que pertence a uma classe de dens in dente, sendo raramente descrito na região posterior da mandíbula. O objetivo desse artigo foi descrever um Odontoma Dilatado na região de terceiro molar inferior. Materiais e métodos: este estudo teve abordagem qualitativa, transversal, descritiva e documental, do tipo relato de caso. Desenvolvido na Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, no Serviço de Odontologia. Este artigo apresenta um caso de Odontoma Dilatado em um paciente do sexo masculino de 32 anos. O paciente apresentou dor e inchaço na região posterior esquerda da mandíbula. A coroa deste elemento encontrava-se, clinicamente, dentro dos padrões de normalidade, entretanto no exame radiográfico foi demonstrada a alteração radicular em forma de barril no elemento 38 e expansão de cortical óssea vestibular e lingual. Foi realizada a biópsia incisional da anomalia e enviado ao anatomopatológico. De acordo com as características clínicas, radiográficas e anatomopatológicas, chegou-se no diagnóstico de Odontoma Dilatado. Devido a anatomia aberrante optou-se pela remoção completa. O diagnóstico desta anormalidade é dependente das características clínicas, radiográficas e anatomopatológicas e sua terapêutica varia de acordo com a invaginação. Em casos de invaginação profunda a exodontia está indicada.

Prevalence of permanent numeric dental anomalies in panoramic radiography in an Iranian population

Aim: Dental number anomalies are a group of congenital developmental disorders divided into two groups supernumerary and missing teeth. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of numeric dental anomalies using panoramic images in patients referred to the Hamadan Dental Faculty. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2,197 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 6-49 years were evaluated. These anomalies are divided into two groups: 1) Supernumerary teeth, including Mesiodens, Distodens, and Peridens, and 2) Missing teeth, including Hypodontia, Oligodontia, and Anodontia. A Chi-square test was performed to assess the relationship between the anomalies. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16, in which P-value < 0.05 was considered the statistical significance level. Results: Of 736 males (32.2%) and 1548 females (67.8%) in this study, 32 (4.3%) and 55 cases (3.8%) had supernumerary teeth, respectively. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.6% in males and 0.2%, 1% and 1.2% in females for mesiodens, distodens, and peridens, respectively. Also, 243 males (10.6%) and 655 females (28.6%) had missing teeth anomalies. Hypodontia in the maxilla was the most common anomaly in both genders, while mesiodens was the least common. Conclusion: Hypodontia was the most common anomaly, followed by peridens; the least common anomaly was mesiodens. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was greater in males, though the difference was not statistically significant. In comparison, females had a greater prevalence of missing teeth

Dental anomalies in syndromes displaying hypertrichosis in the clinical spectrum

Abstract Hypertrichosis and dental anomalies may occur alone or in combination in the spectrum of many syndromes. To identify genetic entities characterized by hypertrichosis and dental anomalies, a search was performed in the Mendelian Inheritance in Man database with the terms "hypertrichosis" or "hirsutism" and "tooth" or "dental abnormalities." Nondependent androgen metabolism disturbances were classified as hypertrichosis. Genetic entities with hypertrichosis and dental anomalies were included in the study. Additional searches were performed in the PubMed and Orphanet databases, when necessary, in order to include data from scientific articles. An integrative analysis of the genes associated with the identified syndromes was conducted using STRING to characterize biological processes, pathways, and interactive networks. The p-values were subjected to the false discovery rate for the correction of multiple tests. Thirty-nine syndromes were identified, and dental agenesis was the most frequent dental anomaly present in 41.02% (n = 16) of the syndromes. Causative genes were identified in 33 out of 39 genetic syndromes. Among them, 39 genes were identified, and 38 were analyzed by STRING, which showed 148 biological processes and three pathways that were statistically significant. The most significant biological processes were the disassembly of the nucleosome (GO:0006337, p = 1.09e-06), chromosomal organization (GO:0051276, p = 1.09e-06) and remodeling of the chromatin (GO: 0006338, p = 7.86e-06), and the pathways were hepatocellular carcinoma (hsa05225, p = 5.77e-05), thermogenesis (hsa04714, p = 0.00019), and cell cycle (hsa04110, p = 0.0433). Our results showed that the identification of hypertrichosis and dental anomalies may raise the suspicion of one of the thirty-nine syndromes with both phenotypes.

Odontoma mandibular inusual y su resolución: reporte de un caso / Unusual mandibular odontoma and its resolution: report of a case

Objetivo: El odontoma es una lesión hamartomatosa benigna formada por tejido dentario (cemento, esmalte, pul­ pa). Según su grado de diferenciación podrá ser clasificado en sus dos variantes: compuesto y complejo en una relación 2:1. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un odontoma mixto de gran tamaño de localización mandibular y su resolución quirúrgica. Caso clínico: Se describe el caso de un paciente mascu­ lino de 16 años de edad, portador de ortodoncia, que presenta un odontoma mixto de gran tamaño de localización mandibular y su resolución quirúrgica utilizando planificación 3D y confección de placa de titanio customizada (AU)

Aim: Odontoma is a benign hamartomatous lesion formed by dental tissue (cementum, enamel, pulp). According to its degree of differentiation, it can be classified in its two variants: compound and complex in a 2:1 ratio. The objective of this article is to present a large mixed odontoma of mandi­ bular location and its surgical resolution. Clinical case: A 16-year-old male patient with ortho­ dontics, who presents a large mixed odontoma with mandibu­ lar location and its surgical resolution using 3D planning and customized titanium plate fabrication (AU)

Mesiodens en dentición temporal y mixta: informe de casos / Mesiodens in primary and mixed dentition: case reports

Objetivo: Presentar una serie de casos clínicos de me- siodens en niños con dentición temporal y mixta, su trata- miento y seguimiento. Casos clínicos: Se muestra el manejo clínico de tres casos de mesiodens en dentición temporal y un caso en den- tición mixta, los cuales fueron diagnosticados en un examen radiográfico de rutina (AU)

Aim: To present a series of clinical cases of mesiodens in children with primary and mixed dentition, their treatment and follow-up. Clinical cases: This paper describes the clinical man- agement of three cases of mesiodens in primary dentition and one case in mixed dentition which were diagnosed in routine radiographic examinations (AU)

Interdisciplinariedad en el diagnóstico del síndrome de clase III esquelético de Moyers / Interdisciplinarity in the diagnosis of Moyers skeletal class III syndrome

RESUMEN Fundamento: Dentro de las anomalías de la oclusión que provocan afectación estética y funcional en los pacientes, se destaca el síndrome de clase III esqueletal de Moyers, cuyo diagnóstico debe ser preciso y precoz. Objetivo: Cuantificar la concordancia entre los criterios diagnósticos ortodóncicos y médicos en los portadores del síndrome de clase III esquelético de Moyers. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de Santiago de Cuba desde enero de 2018 hasta enero de 2020. Se estudiaron, por Ortodoncia y diferentes especialidades médicas seleccionadas, 15 pacientes de 8 a 18 años de edad diagnosticados clínica y cefalométricamente con clase III esqueletal de Moyers. Resultados: El nivel de acuerdo entre ortodoncia y las diferentes especialidades médicas fue leve con Oftalmología (Kappa=0.10), casi perfecta con Ortopedia (Kappa=1.00), pobre por Gastroenterología y por Otorrinolaringología (Kappa de 0.09 y 0.10 respectivamente), resultados estadísticamente significativos solo con Ortopedia. Conclusiones: Es evidente la marcada concordancia entre los diagnósticos ortodóncicos y ortopédicos en el síndrome de clase III esquelético, a diferencia del resto de las especialidades médicas; probablemente asociado a la no estandarización de las evaluaciones clínicas.

ABSTRACT Background: Among the occlusion anomalies that cause esthetic and functional affectation in patients, Moyers skeletal class III syndrome stands out, its diagnosis should be accurate and early. Objective: To quantify the concordance between orthodontic and medical diagnostic criteria in patients with Moyers skeletal class III syndrome. Methodology: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at the "Mártires del Moncada" Provincial Teaching Dental Care Clinic of Santiago de Cuba from January 2018 to January 2020. 15 patients aged 8 to 18 years clinically and cephalometrically diagnosed with Moyers skeletal class III were studied by Orthodontics and different selected medical specialties. Results: The level of agreement between Orthodontics and the different medical specialties was slight for Ophthalmology (Kappa=0.10), almost perfect for Orthopedics (Kappa=1.00), poor for Gastroenterology and Otolaryngology (Kappa of 0.09 and 0.10 respectively), statistically significant results only for Orthopedics. Conclusions: The manifest concordance between orthodontic and orthopedic diagnoses in skeletal class III syndrome is evident, unlike the rest of the medical specialties; probably associated with non-standard clinical evaluations.

Diagnóstico por imágenes de un odontoma complejo. Presentación de un caso / Diagnostic imaging of a complex odontoma. A case report

RESUMEN Los odontomas son los tumores más frecuentes del área bucal y maxilofacial. Presentamos un caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 50 años, con cuadros de sinusitis a repetición y dolor en región maxilar derecha. Se le realiza tomografía axial computarizada simple de macizo facial, donde se observó una imagen amorfa de densidad variable a nivel del hueso maxilar derecho, que involucraba la porción inferior del seno, compatible con tumor odontogénico, probablemente benigno, sugestiva de un odontoma complejo.

ABSTRACT Odontomas are the most common tumours located in the oral and maxillofacial region. We present a 50-year-old female patient with recurrent sinusitis and pain in the right maxillary region. A simple computed axial tomography of the facial mass was performed, where an amorphous image of variable density was observed at the level of the right maxillary bone, involving the lower portion of the sinus, compatible with an odontogenic tumour, probably benign and suggestive of a complex odontoma.

Morfología inusual de raíz y canales del primer molar mandibular, como indicación de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico: A propósito de un caso endodóntico "fronterizo"

Resumen La Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico (CBCT) representa una promisoria herramienta para la clínica odontológica. En Endodoncia, CBCT ofrece tridimensionalidad y resolución imagenológica, potenciando el diagnóstico de diferentes condiciones patológicas. Sin embargo, su limitación por sobreexposición a radiación, ha llevado a directrices que recomiendan cautela para su indicación. Se presenta un caso infrecuente de un molar mandibular con una sola raíz y canal, y las circunstancias de uso de CBCT. Mujer de 48 años es derivada para endodoncia del primer molar mandibular izquierdo permanente. El examen radiográfico preoperatorio demostró el hallazgo inusual de un canal centrado en una única raíz. Con la información apropiada y el consentimiento de la paciente, la indicación de CBCT favoreció su diagnóstico y tratamiento. CBCT no debería ser utilizada rutinariamente para estos fines, pero podría justificarse en casos "fronterizos". Se discuten su indicación e implementación clínica, siguiendo actuales recomendaciones y directrices.

Resumo A tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) representa uma ferramenta promissora para a clínica odontológica. Na Endodontia, a CBCT oferece tridimensionalidade e resolução de imagem, potencializando o diagnóstico de diferentes condições patológicas. No entanto, sua limitação devido à superexposição à radiação levou a diretrizes que recomendam cautela em sua indicação. Um caso raro de um molar inferior com uma única raiz e canal é apresentado e as circunstâncias do uso da TCFC. Uma mulher de 48 anos é encaminhada para tratamento de canal para o primeiro molar inferior esquerdo permanente. O exame radiográfico pré-operatório demonstrou o achado incomum de um canal centrado em uma única raiz. Com as devidas informações e o consentimento do paciente, a indicação da TCFC favoreceu seu diagnóstico e tratamento. A CBCT não deve ser usada rotineiramente para esses fins, mas pode ser justificada em casos "fronteiriços". Sua indicação e implementação clínica são discutidas, seguindo as recomendações e diretrizes atuais.

Abstract Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a promising tool in dental practice. CBCT provides three-dimensional images and imaging resolution to be used in endodontics. This enhances the diagnosis of various pathologies. However, guidelines have recommended limiting its use due to overexposure to radiation. This article presents the rare case of a mandibular molar with a single root and canal that benefited from taking a CBCT. A 48-year-old woman is referred for endodontic treatment of the permanent left mandibular first molar. The preoperative radiographic examination showed an unusual canal centered along a single root. Taking a CBCT with the relevant information and the patient's consent improved her diagnosis and treatment. CBCTs should not be used routinely for these purposes but could be justified in "borderline" cases. This paper discusses its indication and clinical implementation following current recommendations and guidelines.

El uso de un cantiléver para el tratamiento ortodóncico del incisivo impactado en posición horizontal / Use of a cantilever for orthodontic treatment of the impacted incisor in a horizontal position

Introducción: La falta de un incisivo permanente no solo genera un efecto adverso en la estética facial, también altera la función, en especial, la guía incisiva. Los incisivos superiores pueden sufrir bloqueo mecánico o cambio en su erupción por un diente supernumerario, un golpe u otro factor. El tratamiento de elección es el quirúrgico-ortodóncico. El pronóstico dependerá de la edad, situación, posición del diente, morfología, tamaño, maduración radicular y método de tracción. Conocer el uso de una aparatología ortodóncica que sea fácil de manipular y pueda ser usada desde edades tempranas servirá de valioso aporte. Objetivo: Mostrar el uso exitoso de un cantiléver para traccionar ortodóncicamente un incisivo impactado en posición horizontal. Presentación del caso: Paciente de 8 años con maloclusión clase I, pieza 2.1 retenida en posición horizontal, presencia de supernumerario y persistencia de pieza 6.1. Se opta por extracción de supernumerario, liberación de pieza 2.1 y tracción ortodóncica. Se usó un cantiléver por vestibular confeccionado en arco de acero redondo 0.020" con dos círculos en cada extremo para brindar elasticidad y anclaje. La fuerza utilizada fue de 70 g, pasado 6 meses se alcanzó el plano de oclusión. Se cementaron brackets y tubos, se continuó con la secuencia de arcos, hasta llegar al arco acero 0.021"x0.025" durante 11 meses. Se obtiene una posición final óptima que favorece la formación radicular y cierre apical. Conclusiones: El uso del cantiléver para el tratamiento ortodóncico de incisivos permanentes impactados en posición horizontal demostró ser exitoso, fácil de manipular y controlar(AU)

Introduction: The lack of a permanent incisor not only generates an adverse effect on facial aesthetics but also alters its function, especially the incisor guidance. Upper incisors can suffer mechanical blockage or change in their eruption due to a supernumerary tooth, a blow or another factor. The treatment of choice is orthodontic-surgical. The prognosis depends on the age, tooth position, morphology, size, root maturation and traction method. Knowing the use of an orthodontic appliance, which is easy to handle and can be used from an early age, will be of valuable contribution. Objective: To show the successful use of a cantilever to enable orthodontic traction of an impacted incisor in a horizontal position. Case presentation: Eight-year-old patient with class I malocclusion, specimen 2.1 retained in a horizontal position, presence of supernumerary tooth and persistence of specimen 6.1. Extraction of the supernumerary, release of specimen 2.1 and orthodontic traction is chosen. A buccal cantilever made of a 0.020" round steel arch with two circles at each end was used to provide elasticity and anchoring. The force used was 70 g. Six months after, the occlusion plane was reached. Brackets and tubes were cemented and the sequence of arches was continued until the 0.021"x0.025" steel arch was reached in 11 months. An optimal final position is obtained, favoring root formation and apical closure. Conclusions: The use of the cantilever for orthodontic treatment of impacted permanent incisors in a horizontal position proved to be successful as well as easy to manipulate and control(AU)

Associating the Presence of Structural Defects in Dental Enamel with Children's Health History / Associando a Presença de Alterações de Estrutura no Esmalte Dentário com Histórico de Saúde na Infância

The enamel defects, hypoplasia and hypo mineralization, are classified as dental anomalies of structure, being frequently found in deciduous and permanent dentitions, since the permanent teeth and second deciduous molars finish their total mineralization after the age of three. The aim of the present study was to identify the presence of hypo mineralization and/or enamel hypoplasia and to associate it with respiratory problems in infant patients. Of the 90 patients evaluated, it was found that 23 male children (57.5%) and 22 female children (44%) had defects in the structure of tooth enamel. Most children were born by cesarean operation (64.4%), with no complications during birth (90.0%), 12.2% of children had dental anomalies (agenesis, ectopic canine, ankylosis, fusion, conoid tooth, and macrodontia, only 7 children showed an association between dental anomalies and enamel defects. Regarding respiratory problems that occurred up to 3 years of age, 38.9% had an episode of asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, or pneumonia, and 55% had similar results at the current age. There was a positive association (Chi-square tests) between the presence of changes in the structure of tooth enamel and the presence of respiratory problems up to 3 years of age (p <0.001). It is concluded, therefore, that the presence of respiratory problems in early childhood, can interfere in amelogenesis, providing disturbances for the formation of normal enamel, causing defects or irregularities in the surface of the dental enamel, such as hypoplasias and hypo mineralization. (AU)

Os defeitos de esmalte, hipoplasia e hipomineralização, são classificados como anomalias dentárias de estrutura, sendo encontrados com frequência nas dentições decídua e permanente, já que os dentes permanentes e segundos molares decíduos finalizam sua total mineralização após os três anos de idade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar a presença de hipomineralização e/ou hipoplasia de esmalte, e associála com problemas respiratórios no paciente infantil. Dos 90 pacientes avaliados, constatou-se que 23 crianças do gênero masculino (57,5%) e 22 do gênero feminino (44%) apresentaram defeitos na estrutura do esmalte dentário. A maioria das crianças nasceu de parto cesária (64,4%), sem complicação no parto (90,0%), 12,2% das crianças apresentaram anomalias dentárias (agenesia, canino ectópico, anquilose, fusão, dente conóide e macrodontia), somente 7 crianças apresentaram associação entre anomalias dentárias e defeitos de esmalte. Em relação à problemas respiratórios ocorrido até aos 3 anos de idade 38,9% apresentaram algum episódio de asma, bronquite, sinusite, rinite ou pneumonia e 55% apresentaram resultados semelhantes na idade atual. Houve associação positiva (Testes Qui Quadrado) entre a presença de alterações na estrutura do esmalte dentário e presença de problemas respiratórios até os 3 anos de idade (p<0,001). Conclui-se, portanto, que a presença de problemas respiratórios na primeira infância, podem interferir na amelogênese, proporcionando distúrbios para formação do esmalte normal, causando defeitos ou irregularidades na superfície do esmalte dentário, como hipoplasias e hipomineralizações. (AU)

Odontoma complexo em maxila: relato de caso / Complex odontoma of the maxila: case report

O odontoma é uma alteração definida como um tumor odontogênico benigno e representa cerca de 70% das ocorrências dos tumores odontogênicos. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um caso clínico referente ao diagnóstico e tratamento de um odontoma complexo em região anterior de maxila. Paciente de 27 anos compareceu à clínica buscando avaliação de rotina e, ao exame clínico, foi verificada a ausência dos elementos dentais 13 e 14 e retenção prolongada do 54. Radiograficamente, foi observada a presença de uma lesão radiopaca sugestiva de odontoma complexo, além de impactação dos elementos dentais 13 e 14. A abordagem adotada foi a remoção da lesão, do elemento 54 e tracionamento ortodôntico do elemento 13. A cirurgia foi feita em ambiente ambulatorial, sob anestesia local, iniciando pela exodontia do elemento 54, logo depois foi feita a incisão de Newman, descolamento mucoperiostal e remoção da lesão com broca cirúrgica esférica em alta rotação, sob refrigeração abundante com soro fisiológico estéril. Posteriormente, foi acessado o elemento 13 por vestibular e feito o desgaste ósseo com broca cirúrgica esférica, até a exposição da coroa do dente. Por fim, foi realizada a colagem do dispositivo de tracionamento ortodôntico, botão associado a fio de aço colocado com resina composta e o paciente foi encaminhado ao ortodontista. O diagnóstico e tratamento desse tipo de patologia é de suma importância, evitando implicações estéticas e funcionais ao paciente. Não é comum recorrências, e tem prognóstico excelente... (AU)

Odontoma is an alteration defined as a benign odontogenic tumor and represents about 70% of the oc currences of odontogenic tumors. The aim of this study was to present a clinical case regarding the diag nosis and treatment of a complex odontoma in the anterior region of the maxilla. A 27-year-old patient came to the clinic seeking routine evaluation and, on clinical examination, the absence of dental elements 13 and 14 and prolonged retention of 54 were verified. Radiographically, the presence of a radiopaque lesion suggestive of a complex odontomawas observed, in addition to impaction of dental elements 13 and 14. The approach adopted was the removal of the lesion, element 54 and orthodontic traction of element 13. The surgery was performed in an outpatient setting, under local anesthesia, starting with the extraction of element 54, shortly afterwards Newman's incision, mucoperiosteal detachment and removal of the lesion with a high-speed spherical surgical drill, under abundant refrigeration with sterile saline. Subsequently, element 13 was accessed through the vestibular and bone wear was done with a spherical surgical drill, until the tooth crown was exposed. Finally, the orthodontic traction device was bonded, a button associated with steel wire placed with composite resin and the patient was referred to the ortho dontist. The diagnosis and treatment of this type of pathology is extremely important, avoiding aesthetic and functional implications for the patient. Recurrences are not common and have an excellent prognosis... (AU)

Levantamento de dados secundários de anomalias dentárias em crianças atendidas na Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco / Survey of secondary data of dental anomalies in children attended at the Pernambuco Dentistry Faculty

Os distúrbios de crescimento e desenvolvimento dos dentes são alterações no número, tamanho ou forma dos dentes com origem multifatorial, sendo o objetivo desse estudo conhecer a frequência de anomalias dentárias. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e com delineamento transversal de dados secundários, utilizando registros dos prontuários de crianças dos 3 aos 12 anos de idade atendidas na Clínica de Atenção Básica Infantil da FOP/UPE. Foram coletadas informações referentes ao sexo, idade, presença, tipo e localização da anomalia. Realizamos uma análise estatística utilizando o Microsoft Excel e Epi Info v.3.5.3. O estudo teve uma amostra final de 197 prontuários, 52,8% do sexo feminino e 47,2% do sexo masculino. Foram identificadas 4,5% anomalias dentárias, sendo (77,8%) anomalia de número, localizada na região anterior (88,8%). A predominância foi maior no sexo feminino (N=6). As anomalias dentárias presentes foram: anodontia (55,5%), dentes supranumerários (22,3%), giroversão (11,1%) e fusão (11,1%). A frequência de anomalia dentária foi de 4,5%, sendo a anomalia de número mais frequente (77,8%), acometendo mais o sexo feminino e com média de idade de 8,5 anos... (AU)

Tooth growth and development disorders are changes in the number, size or shape of teeth with multifactorial origin, and the aim of this study is to know the frequency of dental anomalies. This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study of secondary data, using records from the medical records of children aged 3 to 12 years attended at the Primary Child Care Clinic of FOP/UPE. Information regarding gender, age, presence, type and location of the anomaly was collected. We performed a statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel and Epi Info v.3.5.3. The study had a final sample of 197 medical records, 52.8% female and 47.2% male. 4.5% dental anomalies were identified, (77.8%) number anomaly, located in the anterior region (88.8%). Predominance was higher in females (N=6). The dental anomalies were: anodontics (55.5%), supernumerary teeth (22.3%), gyroversion (11.1%) and fusion (11.1%). The frequency of dental anomaly was 4.5%, being the most frequent number anomaly (77.8%), affecting the female sex more and with a mean age of 8.5 years... (AU)

Dental and maxillomandibular incidental findings in panoramic radiography among individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of rare and inherited metabolic disorders caused by the accumulation of macromolecule glycosaminoglycans inside lysosomes. Affected individuals may have dental and craniofacial tissue alterations, facilitating the development of several oral diseases. Objectives To assess, with panoramic radiographic images, the frequency of dental and maxillomandibular incidental findings among MPS individuals and compare them with non-MPS individuals. Methodology A cross-sectional study evaluating a sample of 14 MPS individuals and 28 non-MPS individuals aged from 5 to 26 years was carried out. They were matched for sex and age on a 2:1 proportion. Panoramic radiographs were assessed for the presence/absence of the following dental and maxillomandibular alterations: dental anomalies of number (hypodontia/dental agenesis, supernumerary teeth); anomalies of form (microdontia, macrodontia, conoid teeth, taurodontism, and root dilaceration); anomalies of position (impacted tooth, inverted tooth, tooth migration, partially bony teeth, complete bony teeth); periapical alterations (furcation lesion, circumscribed bone rarefaction); other alterations (radiolucent bone lesions, radiopaque bone lesions, radiopacity in the maxillary sinus, condylar hypoplasia). Differences between groups were tested by the Fisher's exact test and chi-square test (p<0.05). Results For intrarater agreement, Kappa values were 0.76 to 0.85. The presence of supernumerary teeth (p=0.003); conoid teeth (p=0.009); taurodontism (p<0.001); impacted teeth (p<0.001); partial bony teeth (p=0.040); complete bony teeth (p=0.013); and root dilaceration (p=0.047) were statistically more frequent in MPS individuals compared to non-MPS individuals. Bone rarefaction/furcation lesions (p=0.032), condylar hypoplasia (p<0.001), radiolucent bone lesions (p=0.001), and dentigerous cysts (p=0.002) were also more frequent in MPS individuals. Conclusion The presence of specific oral manifestations is more common in MPS individuals than non-MPS individuals.

Radiographic Assessment of Third Molars Agenesis Patterns in Young Adults

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of third molar agenesis and associated characteristics. Material and Methods: A total of 2374 panoramic radiographs were retrieved from the radiological archives and evaluated in a computer monitor under optimum viewing conditions. The basic demographic data (age and sex) and the primary findings regarding the presence or absence of third molars in the maxillary and mandibular arches were recorded systematically in a specially designed proforma. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: A total of 2000 panoramic radiographs were included in the study, of which 1004 were females (50.2%), and 996 were of males (49.8%). The incidence of third molar agenesis was 486 patients (24.3%). Maxillary third molar showed a higher prevalence of agenesis (28.8%) than mandibular third molars (16.4%). A total of 1514 patients (75.7%) had third molars in all four quadrants, and the remaining 486 patients (24.3%) had agenesis of third molar tooth in at least one of the quadrants. Single tooth agenesis was observed in 219 (11%) patients, two teeth agenesis in 172 (8.6%) patients, three teeth agenesis in 39 (2%) patients, and four teeth agenesis in 56 (2.8%) patients. Conclusion: The present study exhibited a maximum number of single tooth agenesis. It was also observed that maxillary third molar agenesis is more than the mandibular third molar and the right side is more than the left side. Agenesis of the third molar is more prevalent in males as compared to females.

Cone-beam CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of germinated mandibular second molar / 中国基层医药

Objective:To report a case of germinated teeth of the left mandibular second molar diagnosed by cone-beam CT (CBCT), and to investigate its differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and the application value of CBCT in the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases.Methods:One case of germinated teeth of the left mandibular second molar diagnosed according to oral general examination ad CBCT findings in Zhenjiang Stomatological Hospital, China in March, 2019 was included in this study. The characteristics and differential points of supernumerary cusp, fused teeth, geminated teeth and concresence of teeth were analyzed based on literatures.Results:CBCT examination showed that the number of mandibular dentition teeth was normal, there was a large area of low-density transmission area around the root of the left mandibular second molar. Three-dimensional reconstruction results revealed that the suspected supernumerary teeth were fused with the root of the left mandibular second molar. Sagittal projections showed that the suspected supernumerary teeth were located in the buccal side of the left mandibular second molar. Axial projections showed three separate root canal orifices at the level of pulp chamber floor, and the dentin of the two was connected. The suspected supernumerary teeth had an independent pulp cavity and a clear root canal, and fused with the distal root canal of the left mandibular second molar in the middle of the root to form a root canal. A "Y"-shaped structure was displayed on the sagittal projections. CBCT showed that the left mandibular second molar was a fused root. Based on oral clinical examination, the left mandibular second molar was confirmed to be a germinated tooth.Conclusion:CBCT is one of the most important means of oral auxiliary examination. It has significant advantages in the diagnosis of tooth abnormalities. It can help clinicians to make correct diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment scheme. It has certain clinical significance and innovation.

Avaliação de anomalias dentárias em terceiros molares através de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico / Evaluation of dental anomalies in third molars using cone beam computed tomography

Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência das anomalias dentárias em terceiros molares. Materiais e métodos: O estudo foi feito de modo transversal e retros-pectivo através da análise das tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC) de pacientes com os terceiros molares. As anomalias dentárias foram investigadas e registra-das em tabela previamente desenhada para o estudo. Foram registradas outras informações como: sexo e idade. Resultados:151 exames de TCFC foram incluídos na amostra, totali-zando 308 terceiros molares avaliados. Dos 308 terceiros molares avaliados, 105 apresen-taram anomalias (37,7%). A anomalia dentária mais prevalente foi a dilaceração radicular, apresentando 96 casos (34,5%), seguida de 5 casos de microdontia (1,79%), 3 casos de hi-percementose (1,07%) e 1 pérola de esmalte (0,35%). Conclusão: A partir deste estudo foi observado que as anomalias em terceiros molares são comuns. Além disso, a dilaceração foi a anomalia mais prevalente na amostra estudada, sendo importante o cirurgião-dentista utilizar exames de imagem no planejamento de uma extração dentária.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in third molars. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional and retrospective study analyzed the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of patients with third molars. Dental anomalies were investigated and recorded in a table previously designed for the study. Other information such as sex and age were registered. Results: 151 patients were included in the sample, totaling 308 third molars evaluated. Out of 308 teeth, 105 had anomalies (37.7%). The most prevalent dental anomaly was the root tear, 96 cases (34.5%). The second was microdontia, 5 cases (1.79%); hypercementosis, 3 cases (1.07%); and enamel pearl, 1 case (0 .35%). Conclusion:We observed that third molar anomalies are common and that laceration was the most prevalent anomaly in the sample. Thus, dentists need to use imaging tests in planning a tooth extraction.

What are the Systemic Factors Associated with the Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization Etiology?

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the systemic factors associated with Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) etiology. Material and Methods: A total of 731 8-year-old schoolchildren enrolled in the public school system in Curitiba, Brazil, was randomly selected. The MIH diagnosis was performed by calibrated examiners (Kappa >0.80) according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria (2003). The systemic factors were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and applied to the children's mothers, addressing the medical history from pregnancy to the first three years of children's life. Associations were analyzed by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (p<0.05). Results: The systemic factors in the prenatal and perinatal periods were not associated with MIH (p>0.05). The children who used medications during the first years of life had a significantly higher prevalence of MIH (PRc = 2.18 CI = 95% 1.06-4.48; p=0.033). Conclusion: The use of medications during the first three years of children's life is associated with a higher prevalence of MIH.

Radiographic examination in the diagnosis of a curious case associating odontoma to agenesis and supernumerary teeth / O exame radiográfico no diagnóstico de um caso curioso associando odontoma à agenesia e dente supranumerário

ABSTRACT Developmental disorders of human dentition may result in various abnormalities according to etiologic agents and the developmental period involved. The size, shape and number of teeth may be affected. Dental abnormalities can occur singly or in multiples in an individual and may or may not be associated with syndromes. Complementary radiographic examinations are valuable for diagnosis, especially in lesions that are asymptomatic and detected only through examination. The present study is intended to report a case of an incidental finding in panoramic radiography of an odontoma, a supernumerary tooth and permanent tooth agenesis in the same non-syndromic individual. According to the literature, the association of hypodontia and hyperdontia (called concomitant hypo-hyperdontia) is most common. The association of hyperdontia and odontoma is uncommon but still reported. However, regarding the association of hypodontia and odontoma no reports were found, as well as the association of the three pathologies.

RESUMO Os distúrbios de desenvolvimento da dentição humana podem resultar em diferentes anomalias dependendo do agente etiológico e do período do desenvolvimento acometido. O tamanho, a forma e o número dos dentes, dentre outros, podem ser afetados. Podem ocorrer isoladamente ou em conjunto num mesmo indivíduo, bem como estarem ou não associados a síndromes. Os exames radiográficos complementares são valiosos para o diagnóstico, sobretudo quando as lesões são assintomáticas e detectadas incidentalmente no exame. O presente trabalho relata o caso de achado incidental, em radiografia panorâmica, de odontoma, dente supranumerário e agenesia de dente permanente num mesmo indivíduo não sindrômico. Segundo relatos da literatura, a associação de hipodontia e hiperdontia, denominada hipo-hiperdontia concomitante, é a mais comumente encontrada. A associação de hiperdontia e odontoma é incomum, mas ainda é relatada. No entanto, a respeito da associação de hipodontia e odontoma não foram encontrados relatos, bem como da associação das três patologias.

Odontoma complejo y quiste dentígero concurrentes asociados a retención dentaria / Concurrent occurrence of complex odontoma and dentigerous cyst associated to tooth retention

RESUMEN Los dientes retenidos pueden asociarse a enfermedades de diversa índole con complicaciones: mecánicas, nerviosas, infecciosas, quísticas y tumorales. El objetivo de esta investigación es informar un caso de quiste dentígero y odontoma concurrentes, asociados a un canino superior retenido. Se presentó un paciente de 15 años que acudió al Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial de la Facultad de Estomatología, con evidente aumento de volumen en la superficie vestibular de reborde alveolar superior en la zona del 13, y desplazamiento progresivo coronal distal del 12. Se realizaron: interrogatorio, examen clínico y estudio radiográfico; se observó retención del 13, con asociación de área radiopaca redondeada definida y con área radiolúcida circunscrita. Se realizó una biopsia de los tejidos descritos y se obtuvo un diagnóstico de quiste dentígero y odontoma complejo. El fenómeno de retención dentaria aparece de forma concomitante con otras lesiones que pueden producir destrucción ósea y desorden de posición y número.

ABSTRACT Retained teeth can be associated with a variety of diseases with mechanical, nervous, infectious, cystic and tumoral complications. The aim of this research is to report a case of concurrent dentigerous cyst and odontoma, associated with a retained upper canine. We present a 15-year-old patient who comes to the Maxillofacial Surgery Service from the Dental Faculty due to an evident volume increase in the vestibular surface of the maxillary alveolar ridge in 13 area, and progressive distal coronal displacement of 12. An interview, a clinical examination and a radiographic study were performed; tooth retention of 13 was observed, with association of defined rounded radiopaque area and circumscribed radiolucent area. A biopsy of the described tissues was performed and a diagnosis of dentigerous cyst and complex odontoma was obtained. The phenomenon of tooth retention appears concomitantly with other lesions that can produce bone destruction and disorder of position and number.